Is Pennsylvania doing a bad job of protecting drinking water?
The New York Times raised some eyebrows by saying Pennsylvania’s monitoring of water from gas well sites is lax. Is there any danger to our drinking water from a process known as hydraulic fracturing?
Engineering a producing gas well is not as simple as drilling a hole in the ground and adding some pipe. Underground rock structures have to be fractured to release natural gas. The process is known as hydraulic fracturing. Water, acid and other materials are pumped under extremely high pressure to fracture the underground rock structures. The process has been used for decades in Pennsylvania.
The New York Times articles suggest that naturally occurring, low level radioactivity picked up by underground water could be a health hazard if it reaches drinking water supplies.
It was the first thing that Governor Corbett’s choice for DEP Secretary was asked about in a Senate confirmation hearing on Wednesday.
“There are drinking water standards,” said Judge Michael Krancer, the Acting DEP Secretary. “As one of the commentators of the article says, we think it’s safe. There have been calls from various quarters to do some testing.”
Judge Krancer said if he’s confirmed as DEP Secretary, he’ll look into such testing.
But the man who just departed as DEP Secretary said experts on radioactivity and health within the agency assured him it is not a concern.
“Those are the experts in state government who looked at this thing and were very sure at the time that it did not pose a threat,” said former DEP Secretary John Hanger.
Hanger said drinking water operators are already required to check for radioactivity, although not that frequently. He said doing more testing is the smart thing to do.
A DEP spokesperson said about 70 percent of waste water at gas well sites is recycled on-site. Some of the waste water goes to treatment plants for processing before being released in streams and rivers.
Mar 02, 2011
http://www.abc27.com/Global/story.asp?S=14175319
2 Pa. water companies to test supplies over drilling
Two large Pennsylvania water providers said Wednesday they planned to immediately test public water supplies in response to outcry over a news report that radioactive gas-drilling wastewater may have been discharged into the state’s streams.
The Pittsburgh Water and Sewer Authority and Pennsylvania American Water Co. said they hoped the tests in the next few weeks would address fears that public drinking water is imperiled by Marcellus Shale gas drilling.
“We want to know if there is a problem here,” said Stanley States, director of water quality and production for the Pittsburgh authority, which plans to take monthly radiological samples at its two treatment plants for the next year. “We need data.”
Pennsylvania American, which has five treatment plants in and around Pittsburgh that are near gas-drilling operations, will conduct “a battery of radiological tests during the next few weeks,” said Terry M. Maenza, a spokesman for the company headquartered in Hershey.
“We expect there will be no cause for concern,” he said.
Public officials, environmental advocates, and industry representatives have called on regulators to require more frequent testing of Pennsylvania water supplies after the New York Times reported Sunday that some radioactive wastewater is sent to sewage plants not designed to treat it and then discharged into rivers that supply drinking water.
The report focused on discharges in Western and north-central Pennsylvania, where drillers are active. No producing wells are active in the Delaware River basin, which provides the Philadelphia region with drinking water.
The Times reported that some wastewater from Marcellus Shale gas-drilling contained radioactivity at levels higher than previously known. Radioactive materials such as uranium and radium occur naturally in deep rock formations and are brought to the surface in wastewater associated with hydraulic fracturing, the controversial technique that drillers use to release natural gas locked up in the mile-deep formation.
Though the Times reported that some wastewater at well sites contained elevated radioactivity, the potential health effects are unclear because little testing has been conducted since the shale boom took off three years ago.
Prolonged ingestion of the low-level radioactive material is believed to increase the risk of developing certain types of cancer. Brief skin contact with the wastewater is not considered dangerous.
“Drinking water with elevated levels of radium and uranium – which are found in virtually all rock, soil, and water – may cause cancer after several years,” the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency says on its website.
Elevated radiation levels can be reduced with treatment, according to some environmental agencies that tell homeowners with private wells that standard water softeners can reduce radium and that more expensive reverse-osmosis systems can remove uranium and radium.
The EPA and the Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Protection require radiological testing infrequently in areas with no history of radioactive contamination. The Pittsburgh system last tested its water for radioactivity in 2005, States said.
“If we find something elevated, we’ll certainly bring it to the regulators’ attention right away,” he said.
The cost of the tests is not a factor. States said an Indiana laboratory would charge about $150 for each test.
U.S. Sen. Robert P. Casey Jr. (D., Pa.) was among the officials who this week called on regulators to require more frequent testing.
But regulators have stopped short of ordering more tests.
Richard Yost, an EPA spokesman, said Monday the agency was examining radioactivity as part of a two-year national study of hydraulic fracturing.
“While we conduct this study, we will not hesitate to take any steps under the law to protect Americans whose health may be at risk,” he said in an e-mail.
Katherine Gresh, a Pennsylvania DEP spokeswoman, said the agency was awaiting results of radium tests on water samples collected in November and December from seven rivers: the Monongahela at Charleroi; the Tioga; the West Branch of the Susquehanna; the Conemaugh; the Allegheny; the Beaver; and the South Fork of Ten Mile Creek. “Requiring more frequent testing is definitely under consideration,” she said.
Wastewater has become a huge challenge for the Marcellus industry, which recycles about 70 percent of its wastewater.
The Susquehanna River Basin Commission has conducted some tests of radioactivity in Marcellus streams, said Andy Gavin, manager of restoration and protection. The tests indicated no contamination.
But commission officials caution that the samples were drawn from smaller tributaries upstream from sewage-treatment plants, so they would not detect radiation from wastewater legally disposed of at the plants, but only contamination from spills or illegal dumping.
“We’re still collecting baseline information,” Gavin said.
By Andrew Maykuth
Inquirer Staff Writer
Mar. 3, 2011
http://www.philly.com/philly/business/117300118.html
Records show wastewater with radium sent to Troy Twp.
Water from two gas wells in Tioga County, Pa. with radium at nearly 700 times the levels allowed in drinking water went to nine municipalities – including Troy Township – to suppress dust in 2009, according to state records.
A recent report by “The New York Times” noted that more than 155,000 gallons of the drilling wastewater was sent by Ultra Resources to the nine locations.
According to the Times report, Pennsylvania allows salty brine that is produced from the drilling wastewater to be spread on roads to suppress dust or de-ice.
Richmond Township in Tioga County got 101,640 gallons of this water from wells with “high radioactivity,” the Times reported. By comparison, Troy Township received 6,300 gallons, the state records show. It was the only municipality in Bradford County listed on the state records.
The Times quoted Deborah Kotulka, the secretary of Richmond Township, whose name is on the state record, as saying, “I was told nothing about frack water or any gas-well brines or anything else.”
For Troy Township, township secretary Lonna Bly is on the state record as the contact person. When asked for comment, she said never heard of Ultra Resources. “I don’t know anything,” she said regarding the matter. She said that she only knew of liquid calcium and AEP Oil being applied on the roads for dust control.
Troy Township Supervisor Vice-Chairman and Assistant Roadmaster Don Jenkins said the township had a road spreading permit from the DEP to receive salt brine water, and last had the permit in summer 2009.
He said it was put on the roads to control the dust.
According to Jenkins, the township obtained the water from a trucking outfit, but he couldn’t remember the name of the company. A DEP lab tested the water from the trucking company before a permit was issued to the township, he said.
However, Jenkins said, the brine water the township received was from New York State from oil well drilling operations there. He said the trucking outfit that provided the water told the supervisors this was the case. Also, Jenkins said he believed hydrofracking for natural gas wasn’t being done in New York at the time. “It still isn’t,” he said.
He said whether the water was radioactive is a question DEP is going to have to answer.
“If we knew it was radioactive, we wouldn’t have been using it. Nobody would have.”
He said the township filed for a road spreading permit in 2010, and was told by DEP that no more permits were being issued.
The Times website noted that the water that went to the nine municipalities came from the Marshlands Unit #1 and Marshlands Unit #2 wells.
The website noted, “Laboratory tests attached by the drilling company show levels of radioactivity (measured in picocuries per liter) as high as 10,356 pCi/L gross alpha, 892 pCi/L Radium-226 and 2589 pCi/L Radium-228. The drinking-water standard for combined radium 226 and 228 is 5 pCi/L, and for gross alpha this standard is 15 pCi/L. With rain or the melting of snow or ice, drilling waste spread on roads could potentially wash into rivers and streams.”
The Times website continued by noting that “studies in New York and Pennsylvania have studied the risks of spraying natural gas wastewater on roads by modeling the risks faced by people who walk along roads every day for many years. These studies found no health impact. In other words, there is limited, if any, exposure risk posed by this wastewater. The kind of radiation most commonly associated with drilling waste, called alpha radiation, loses energy very quickly and cannot get past thin barriers, including skin.”
It continued, “However, there is a different sort of risk with this type of radioactive drilling waste. If this alpha radiation comes into direct contact with live cells, it can cause harm. This can happen when people consume this kind of radioactive material, whether they eat it, drink it or breathe it in. So the threat from road-spreading brines is not the risk that someone walking down the road will get cancer, even if they walk along that road every day for years.”
“Instead, the problem is that if the radioactive material in the wastewater were to run off into freshwater supplies, people could end up drinking water that is contaminated. Dilution can certainly reduce the threat from this waste. But the question is whether the waste will be diluted enough to be made safe. This means that the health risk depends not only on how radioactive the wastewater is, but also the amount of the wastewater compared with the fresh water it mixes with.”
A DEP spokesperson said no details were available Wednesday afternoon, but questions regarding the Troy Township matter would be researched and an answer provided.
BY ERIC HRIN (STAFF WRITER)
Published: March 3, 2011
Eric Hrin can be reached at (570) 297-5251; or e-mail: reviewtroy@thedailyreview.com.
http://thedailyreview.com/news/records-show-wastewater-with-radium-sent-to-troy-twp-1.1113361
Forum to Address Threats to Water Supplies in Delaware Basin
Forum to Address Threats to Water Supplies in Delaware Basin: Connecting Four States for Drinking Water Protection
Release date: 03/02/2011
Contact Information: David Sternberg 215-814-5548 sternberg.david@epa.gov
PHILADELPHIA (March 2, 2011) – Threats to sources of drinking water and public health for more than 15 million people in Pennsylvania, Delaware, New Jersey and New York will be the focus of a high-level forum in Philadelphia and five satellite locations on March 10.
Government leaders and national water experts will highlight challenges to the quality and quantity of water fed from the Delaware River Basin, a 13,000-square-mile area that includes 838 municipalities in parts of Pennsylvania, Delaware, New Jersey and New York.
The Delaware River Basin Forum will feature a central session at the WHYY Hamilton Public Media Commons on 150 North 6th St., Philadelphia, where speakers will describe current and emerging impacts on water resources basin-wide. The forum will feature state-of the-art interactive technology to link live to five satellite locations, in four states outlining local drinking water concerns.
At the WHYY venue, Tufts University Professor Jeffrey K. Griffiths, one of the nation’s leading experts on waterborne disease and public health, will make the keynote presentation on “Drinking Water: Fact, Fears and the Future” at 12:15 p.m. Morning presentations will include the impacts to public health in the Delaware River Basin from water use, population growth and climate change, and will feature model water protection efforts in Philadelphia, New York City and Washington Township, NJ. EPA Regional Administrator Shawn M. Garvin will provide opening remarks at 8:15 a.m.
The satellite locations are in Newark, DE; Reading and Stroudsburg, PA; Bordentown, NJ; and Loch Sheldrake, NY.
Information on the forum, including a full lineup of speakers at the Philadelphia location, agendas and directions for each satellite location and background on issues facing the Delaware River Basin is available at http://www.delawarebasindrinkingwater.org/
Nearly 1,000 community water systems depend on water resources in the Delaware Basin, and the water is used extensively for recreation, fisheries and wildlife, energy, industry and navigation.
The Delaware River Basin begins in the Catskill Mountains in New York State and courses through 13,500 square miles of rural and urban landscapes to the Atlantic Ocean.
The forum is sponsored by the Source Water Collaborative, a coalition of 23 national organizations and agencies united to protect sources of drinking water. Local hosts for the forum include the US EPA (Region II and Region III), state environmental and health agencies of Delaware, New Jersey, New York and Pennsylvania, and the Delaware River Basin Commission.
Corbett’s DEP chief gets panel’s approval
Michael L. Krancer
HARRISBURG — Gov. Tom Corbett’s pick to head the state Department of Environmental Protection breezed through his Senate confirmation hearing Wednesday, telling senators that he’s carefully reviewing recent reports raising questions about the safety of drinking water.
Michael L. Krancer, 53, of Bryn Mawr in Montgomery County was approved unanimously by the Senate Environmental Resources and Energy Committee. He’s a former judge on the Environmental Hearing Board, one-time trial lawyer, former attorney at Excelon Corp. and Civil War re-enactor. Like other Cabinet nominees, he’s on the job now as acting secretary.
The nomination goes to the full Senate, which Republicans control. Also yesterday, the Senate Law and Justice Committee endorsed the nomination of Frank Noonan as commissioner of the state police.
Senators asked Krancer several questions about stories by The New York Times raising concerns about the safety of Pennsylvania’s drinking water as a result of the “fracking” process used in natural gas drilling. The stories said no testing has occurred at more than 65 drinking water intake sites since 2008 and that most have not been tested since 2005.
The newspaper cited levels of radioactivity in wastewater far above federal standards for drinking water. Most of the public sewage treatment facilities cannot remove enough of the radioactive material to meet federal drinking water standards before it is dumped into rivers, The Times found.
Asked by Sen. Mary Jo White, R-Venango, if the state is likely to see testing for radioactive materials in water, Krancer said, “It is one of the things like everything else we are considering, I am considering.”
He took issue with some points in the story. For example, he said, there are 78, not 31, inspectors for 2,615 Marcellus shale wells.
All inspections are “unannounced,” contrary to what The Times stated, Krancer added.
At least 70 percent of Pennsylvania’s wastewater is recycled, Krancer said.
Sen. Daylin Leach, D-Montgomery County, who represents Krancer’s district in the Senate, said he couldn’t be “happier” with Corbett’s nomination. He called Krancer a “man of integrity, honesty and intelligence.”
By Brad Bumsted
TRIBUNE-REVIEW
Thursday, March 3, 2011
http://www.pittsburghlive.com/x/pittsburghtrib/news/breaking/s_725421.html
Earth Day Poster Contest
Contact: Roy Seneca seneca.roy@epa.gov 215-814-5567
EPA wants students to participate in Earth Day Poster Contest
(PHILADELPHIA – March 1, 2011) – The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency is co-sponsoring an Earth Day Poster Contest for students in kindergarten through grade 12 in EPA’s mid-Atlantic region, which includes Delaware, Maryland, Pennsylvania, Virginia, West Virginia and the District of Columbia.
Students are invited to submit hand-created drawings on plain letter-sized paper using markers, colored pencils, crayons, pens and/or paint. Computer-generated images will not be accepted. Students can choose one of the four themes:
1) Protect Habitats, Endangered Species
2) Help Protect the Earth from Climate Change
3) The Meaning of Earth Day
4) Bays, Estuaries, Oceans and Coasts
Entries will be divided into four categories: K-2nd grade; grades 3-5; grades 6-8; and grades 9-12. The top three winners in each category will receive prize packages. Winning entries and others will be displayed at various locations throughout the region including EPA’s Public Information Office. Posters will also be posted on EPA’s website. Entries must be postmarked no later than Earth Day, April 22 and mailed to:
Earth Day Poster Contest (3PA00)
U.S. EPA Region 3
1650 Arch Street
Philadelphia, PA 19103
The back of the poster should include the competition theme, name, age, school name, grade, parent/guardian’s name, address, telephone number and email.
The contest is co-sponsored by EPA, the U.S. Forest Service, the National Park Service, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, the Philadelphia Zoo and the National Aquarium at Baltimore. For more information, call (215) 814-5100 or email EarthDay@epa.gov .
Note: If a link above doesn’t work, please copy and paste the URL into a browser.
Pennsylvania’s Former Top Environmental Cop Gets His Wish
Former Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Protection Secretary John Hanger got his wish. Gasland did not win an Oscar Sunday night.
In a Feb. 26 blog post, Hanger wrote: “I am not pulling for Gasland to win an Oscar for Best Documentary”
Hanger, who agreed to be interviewed by filmmaker Josh Fox for the documentary when he was still serving as DEP secretary, argued on his blog that Gasland “presents a selective, distorted view of gas drilling and the energy choices America faces today. If Gasland were about the airline industry, every flight would crash and all airlines would be irresponsible. In Gasland, the gas industry is unsafe from beginning to end and is one unending environmental nightmare with no benefits. Gasland seeks to inflame public opinion to shut down the natural gas industry and is effective. In pursuing this goal, Gasland treats cavalierly facts both by omitting important ones and getting wrong others.”
Gasland takes a close look at the natural gas industry’s use of hydraulic fracturing technology to produce natural gas and its potential impact on drinking water supplies and the environment in general. The natural gas industry has been waging an aggressive campaign to discredit the documentary since it was released in early 2010. As part of its campaign, the industry has trumpeted comments Hanger made in an interview with the Philadelphia Inquirer in which he called Fox a “propagandist” and dismissed Gasland as “fundamentally dishonest” and “a deliberately false presentation for dramatic effect.’”
Fox interviewed Hanger in his office in Harrisburg. During the interview, Hanger argued that Fox, as the person on the other side of the camera, could “wash his hands” of what occurs as a result of energy development in Pennsylvania. But as the state’s top environmental cop, Hanger said he had a duty to make “real decisions in the real world” that often involve trade-offs. For example, the nation needs natural gas in order to run its economy. Extracting natural gas from the Marcellus Shale in Pennsylvania or any producing basin inevitably causes some level of environmental damage. But Hanger stressed the DEP was doing whatever it could to protect water supplies and that any residents whose water was contaminated by gas drilling would be provided with clean drinking water.
Hanger is a strong advocate of renewable energy. But he recognizes that renewables cannot completely replace fossil fuels in powering the global economy. Because it is a cleaner burning fuel than coal, Hanger has long been a proponent of natural gas.
In 2008, former Pennsylvania Gov. Ed Rendell named Hanger, who at the time was the top official at the Pennsylvania-based environmental group Citizens for Pennsylvania’s Future, a.k.a. PennFuture, to head the state DEP, which is the state agency responsible for ensuring compliance with state environmental regulations.
Rendell was a big supporter of natural gas development during his term in office, a period in which natural gas companies swarmed the state, buying up rights to drill for natural gas and then dramatically ramping up their drilling activities in the state’s portion of the Marcellus Shale. And Hanger was Rendell’s point man at the DEP during the final two years of his term.
During his tenure at the DEP, which ended in January when Rendell left office, Hanger often made statements touting the tremendous economic opportunities for landowners and drilling companies in the Marcellus Shale.
As the DEP’s acting secretary, prior to his official confirmation, Hanger told the Pennsylvania House Environmental Resources and Energy Committee during a September 2008 hearing that “there is no question that the Marcellus Shale holds tremendous economic potential for Pennsylvania’s families and its communities.”
Hanger added that “this exciting potential also brings with it the need to act responsibly and ensure that Pennsylvania’s valuable natural resources are not sacrificed in the process.”
Later that year, Hanger noted that the DEP had received approval to impose higher drilling fees on natural gas producers that would allow the state to receive greater funding to cover expenses for permit reviews and well site inspections.
“With nearly 8,000 drilling permits issued so far this year and drilling taking place in areas of the state outside our traditional oil and gas region, we need to make sure that we have sufficient personnel to properly manage development of Pennsylvania’s Marcellus Shale natural gas reserves,” Hanger said.
Nowhere in his comments do you get the sense that Hanger has any qualms about the staggering number of well permits being issued by the DEP and how the expanded drilling activity would turn regions of Pennsylvania into industrial drilling zones.
In January 2009, while still serving as the DEP’s acting secretary, Hanger highlighted the department’s partnership with natural gas producers. “The department is committed to working alongside the drilling industry to develop new treatment technologies to treat this wastewater that will allow our natural gas industry and our economy to thrive while protecting the health of our rivers and streams,” he said in a statement.
When it comes to natural gas drilling, the nightmare scenario for environmental regulators is if natural gas drilling companies start operating irresponsibly and cutting corners, leading to wastewater spills or contaminated drinking water incidents occurring on a regular basis. State regulators obviously would be appalled by the environmental damage caused by such incidents. But state regulators also are worried about losing the public’s confidence. If that happens, it could lead to a surge in support for a moratorium or the complete banning of drilling in certain regions—exactly what regulators in energy producing states are tasked to avoid.
Since leaving the DEP earlier this year, Hanger has spent large chunks of time defending his tenure as Pennsylvania’s top environmental regulator. He now edits an energy and environmental blog titled “Fact of the Day.” The tagline of his blog is: “Discussion about key facts in energy, environment, the economy, and politics. Tired of ideological junk? This is your place.”
Hanger apparently views his way of thinking as non-ideological, or as one that is not tainted by an agenda. But, of course, Hanger is as ideological as the people and organizations who he would claim are spreading “ideological junk.” His agenda, as it pertains to natural gas, is to promote natural gas as a fuel source as long as its production is performed as safely as reasonably possible.
Aside from expressing hope that Gasland didn’t win an Oscar, Hanger has used his blog in recent days to defend his tenure at the DEP from an article that ran last weekend in the New York Times. Hanger told a natural gas industry publication called NGI’s Shale Daily that the Times reporter, Ian Urbina, “had a goal to start with and he wanted to fit the information to a narrative. … It was willful and deliberate.” The reporter “knew how to get on the front page. It should be actionable… The New York Times would be successfully sued in Europe for this type of story,” Hanger told NGI’s Shale Daily.
Among other things, Hanger argued the Times story implied that Pennsylvania does not enforce its drilling regulations. To refute that claim, Hanger pointed to the enforcement actions for drilling violations imposed on EOG Resources Inc. and Cabot Oil & Gas Corp. “They had to stop drilling for months … costing them probably millions of dollars,” Hanger told NGI’s Shale Daily. “That’s not in the story.”
During his tenure as DEP secretary, Pennsylvania led the nation in natural gas oversight staff hiring, Hanger states on his blog. Under his successor at the DEP, who reports to the state’s new Republican governor, Tom Corbett, the department will likely be less aggressive in regulating natural gas and coal producers in the state. In fact, it would probably be fair to say that Hanger was one of the most conscientious state environmental chiefs in the United States. But such a superlative speaks more to the general lack of effective environmental protection among state regulators than it does to Hanger’s willingness to protect the environment at any cost.
Energy companies and their regulators believe humans have a God-given right to access the planet’s “natural resources” in order to sustain the American way of life. Other people believe humans need to immediately disavow their narcissistic and affluent way of life and start letting the planet heal. Such a move includes curtailing the consumption of fossil fuels, including natural gas, even if it burns 50% cleaner than coal.
By Press Action
March 01, 2011
http://www.pressaction.com/news/weblog/full_article/padep02012011/
Casey calls for water testing
U.S. Sen. Bob Casey joined a chorus of lawmakers on Tuesday seeking additional testing of public water supplies following a report that the wastewater produced from Marcellus Shale gas wells in Pennsylvania contains higher levels of radioactive materials than was previously disclosed.
An article published Sunday in The New York Times, detailed a lack of testing for those radioactive constituents at 65 public water intakes downstream from treatment plants that have discharged Marcellus Shale wastewater into rivers.
State regulators have limited how much drilling wastewater publicly owned sewer plants can discharge since 2008 and further discharge restrictions were adopted by the state last August.
“Alarming information has been raised that must be fully investigated,” Casey said and asked the state Department of Environmental Protection and the federal Environmental Protection Agency to “increase inspections of Pennsylvania drinking water resources for radioactive material and to account for why sufficient inspections haven’t taken place.”
Several other federal lawmakers have asked for similar increases in oversight since the publication of the article. On Sunday, former DEP Secretary John Hanger wrote on his blog that DEP “should order today all public water systems in Pennsylvania to test immediately for radium or radioactive pollutants” and report the results to the public.
In that post and at least six subsequent posts, Hanger also criticized The New York Times for not detailing the stricter regulations, increased staff and more frequent well site inspections that have been adopted by the state in the last three years as it strengthened its enforcement of Marcellus Shale drilling.
DEP spokeswoman Katy Gresh said the department is still evaluating how to respond to the calls for further testing.
“We’re certainly taking into consideration these recommendations,” she said.
Acting DEP Secretary Michael Krancer will face questions at a confirmation hearing today before the Senate Environmental Resources and Energy Committee during which Marcellus Shale issues will surely be a primary topic.
Casey’s comments came as The New York Times published a second article in the series on its website on Tuesday afternoon that raised questions about the toxic constituents that remain in liquid or solid form after the Marcellus Shale wastewater is treated and recycled.
The article also details one occasion when more than 155,000 gallons of wastewater containing high levels of radium from an Ultra Resources well in Tioga County were sent to nine towns in Tioga, Bradford and Lycoming counties to spread on roads for dust suppression.
Pennsylvania regulations allow “only production or treated brines” from gas wells to be spread on roads for dust control or de-icing, according to a DEP fact sheet posted on its website. “The use of drilling, fracking, or plugging fluids or production brines mixed with well servicing or treatment fluids, except surfactants, is prohibited.”
Marcellus Shale brine is wastewater that gradually returns to the surface over the decades-long life of a well after a larger initial flush of fluids that had been injected underground returns to the surface in the first 30 days.
By Laura Legere (Staff Writer)
llegere@timesshamrock.com
Published: March 2, 2011
http://citizensvoice.com/news/casey-calls-for-water-testing-1.1112658#axzz1FMuTSTtV